Software • Real-time Technology

BUILDINGREAL-TIME APPSWITH WEBSOCKETS & SSE

Comprehensive comparison and implementation guide for real-time communication technologies that power modern interactive applications.

0
Messages/sec
<1ms
Average Latency
99.9%
Reliability
Author

Lee Simon

Real-time Systems Engineer • NetAlgo

Instant Updates

Sub-millisecond message delivery for real-time synchronization

🔄

Bidirectional

Full-duplex communication between client and server

📈

Scalable

Handles thousands of concurrent connections efficiently

🔧

Flexible

Works with any programming language and framework

Technology Comparison

Choosing the right real-time technology depends on your specific requirements. Here's how they stack up:

TechnologyLatencyBandwidthPrimary Use CaseComplexity
WebSockets< 1ms
Efficient
Chat, Gaming, Trading
Server-Sent Events50-100ms
Very Efficient
Notifications, Feeds
Long Polling100-500ms
Inefficient
Legacy Systems
Polling500ms+
Wasteful
Simple Updates

WebSocket Architecture

Full-duplex persistent connection between client and server

Connection Active
👤

Client

Browser / Mobile App

🖥️

Server

Node.js / Go / Python

Bidirectional Messages

Implementation Example

Server-side (Node.js)

const WebSocket = require('ws');
const wss = new WebSocket.Server({ port: 8080 });

wss.on('connection', (ws) => {
  console.log('Client connected');
  
  // Send welcome message
  ws.send(JSON.stringify({
    type: 'welcome',
    message: 'Connected to WebSocket server'
  }));
  
  // Handle incoming messages
  ws.on('message', (data) => {
    const message = JSON.parse(data);
    
    // Broadcast to all clients
    wss.clients.forEach((client) => {
      if (client.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
        client.send(JSON.stringify({
          type: 'broadcast',
          data: message,
          timestamp: Date.now()
        }));
      }
    });
  });
  
  // Handle disconnection
  ws.on('close', () => {
    console.log('Client disconnected');
  });
});

Client-side (JavaScript)

const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');

// Connection opened
socket.addEventListener('open', (event) => {
  console.log('Connected to WebSocket server');
  
  // Send initial message
  socket.send(JSON.stringify({
    type: 'join',
    user: 'current_user'
  }));
});

// Listen for messages
socket.addEventListener('message', (event) => {
  const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
  
  switch(data.type) {
    case 'welcome':
      console.log('Server:', data.message);
      break;
    case 'broadcast':
      updateUI(data.data);
      break;
  }
});

// Send message function
function sendMessage(content) {
  socket.send(JSON.stringify({
    type: 'message',
    content: content,
    timestamp: Date.now()
  }));
}

Real-world Use Cases

💬

Collaborative Editing

Google Docs-style real-time collaboration where multiple users can edit documents simultaneously with instant updates.

Operational TransformConflict Resolution
📊

Financial Trading Platforms

Real-time stock price updates, order execution, and portfolio tracking with sub-millisecond latency requirements.

Market DataOrder Management
🎮

Multiplayer Gaming

Synchronized game state across multiple players with minimal latency for responsive gameplay experience.

State SyncLatency Compensation

Best Practices

🛡️

Security

  • Always use WSS (WebSocket Secure)
  • Implement authentication/authorization
  • Validate and sanitize all messages
⚙️

Performance

  • Implement connection pooling
  • Use message compression
  • Monitor and limit message size

Ready to Build Your Real-time Application?

Our team at NetAlgo has extensive experience implementing WebSocket and SSE solutions for various industries.